1. REFERENCES 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Trace determination of domoic acid in seawater and phytoplankton by high-performance liquid chromatography of the flourenylmethoxycarbonyl (FMOC) derivative. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 38: 351-368. Lundholm N., Moestrup Ø., Hasle G.R. and Hoef-Emden K. (2003) A study of the Pseudonitzschia pseudodelicatissima/cuspidata complex (Bacillariophyceae): What is P. pseudodelicatissima? Journal of Phycology 39: 797-813. Bill B., Lundholm N., Connell L., Baugh K.A. and Trainer V.L. (2005) Domoic acid in Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata from Washington State coastal waters. The 3rd Symposium on Harmful Algae in the US. Monterey, CA. Oct, 2-7, 2005: 77 (abstract). Hasle G.R. (2002) Are most of the domoic acidproducing species of the diatom genus Pseudonitzschia cosmopolites? Harmful Algae 1: 137-146. Kotaki Y., Koike K., Sato S., Ogata T., Fukuyo Y. and Kodama M. (1999) Confirmation of domoic acid production of Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries isolated from Ofunato Bay, Japan. Toxicon 37: 677-682. Bates S. S., de Freitas A.S.W., Milley J.E., Pocklington R., Quilliam M.A., Smith J.C. and Worms J. (1991) Controls on domoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries in culture: nutrients and irradiance. Canada Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science 48: 1136-1144. Smith J.C., Cormier R., Worms J., Bird J.C., Quilliam M.A., Pocklington R., Angus R. and Hanic L. (1990) Toxic blooms of the domoic acid containing diatom Nitzschia pungens in the Cardian River, Prince Edward Island. In Graneli E., Sundsrotm B., Edler L. and Anderson D.M. (Eds) Toxic Marine Phytoplankton pp. 227-232. Elsevier, New York. Bates S.S., Worms J. and Smith J.C. (1993) Effects of ammonium and nitrate on domoic acid production by Nitzschia pungens in batch cultures. Canada Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science 50: 1248-1254. Brzezinski M.A., Olson R.J. and Chisholm S.W. (1990). Silicon availability and cell cycle progression in marine diatoms. Marine Ecology Progress Series 67: 83-96. Lundholm N., Skov J., Pocklington R. and Moestrup Ø. (1994). Domoic acid, the toxin amino acid responsible for amnesic shellfish poisoning, now in Pseudo-nitzschia seriata (Bacillariophyceae) in Europe. Phycologia 33: 475-478. S119 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S116-S119 Bates S.S., Bird C.J., Defrietas A.S.W., Foxall R.A., Gilgan M., Hanic L.A., Johnson G.R., McCulloch A.W., Odense P., Pocklington R., Quilliam M.A., Sim P.G., Smith J.C., Subba R.D.V., Todd E.D.C., Walter J.A. and Wright J.L.C. (1989) Pennate diatom Nitzschia pungens as the primary source of domoic acid, a toxin in shellfish from Eastern Prince Edward Island, Canada. Canada Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science 46: 1203-1215. 2. Subba R.D.V., Quilliam M.A. and Pocklington R. (1988) Domoic acid – a neurotoxic amino acid produced by the marine diatom Nitzschia pungens in culture. Canada Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science 45: 2076-2079. 3. Addison R.F. and Stewart J.E. (1989) Domoic acid and the Eastern Canadian molluscan shellfish industry. Aquaculture 77: 263-269. 4. Todd E.C.D. (1989) Amnesic shellfish poisoning – a new seafood toxin syndrome. In Graneli E., Sundstrom B.G., Edler L. and Anderson D.M. (Eds) Toxic marine phytoplankton pp. 504-508. Elsevier, New York. 5. Work T.M., Beale A.M., Fritz L., Quilliam M.A., Silver M.W., Buck K.R. and Wright J.L. (1992) Domoic acid intoxication of brown pelicans and cormorants in Santa Cruz, California. In Smayda T. J. (Ed.) Fifth International Conference on Toxic Phytoplankton pp. xx-xx. Elsevier, New York. 6. Garrison D.L., Conrad S.M., Ellers P.P. and Waldron M. (1992) Confirmation of domoic acid production by Pseudo-nitzschia australis (Bacillariophyceae) cultures. Journal of Phycology 28: 604-607. 7. McKhann G., Drachman D., Folstein N., Katzman R., Price D. and Stadlan E.M. (1984) Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 34: 939-944. 8. Frances M.V.D. (2000) Diversity of marine and freshwater toxins. In Luis M.B. (Ed.) Seafood and freshwater toxins. Pharmacology, physiology and detection pp. xx-xx. Marcel Dekker, New York. 9. Hampson D.R., Huang X., Wells J.W., Walter J.A. and Wright J.L.C. (1992) Interaction of domoic acid and several derivatives of kainic acid and AMPA binding sites in rat brain. Europe Journal of Pharmacology 218: 1-8. 10. Pocklington R., Milley J.E., Bates S.S., Bird C.J., de Freitas A.S.W. and Quilliam M.A. (1990) S120 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 Macrofungi of Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor in the South China Sea Nazura Zainuddin1, Lee Su See1, Chan Hong Twu1, Thi Bee Kin1 and Siti Aisyah Alias2 Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1 2 Abstract The macrofungi of Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor were surveyed on 11-13 May 2008 and 18-21 August 2008, respectively. This is the first report of the macrofungi of Pulau Redang and Pulau Aur. A total of 74 specimens from 19 families were collected and recorded from Pulau Redang. Thirty-eight collections were identified to species level, while 22 specimens were identified to genus level with 14 specimens remaining to be determined. In comparison, 55 collections from 14 families were obtained from Pulau Aur. Of these collections, 13 were identified to species level and 27 identified to genus with 15 specimens not yet assigned to any family or genus. Collections from these islands were made from decaying plant materials (branches, trunks, roots, twigs, fruits) and from the soil. Keywords macrofungi – Pulau Redang – Pulau Aur – Malaysia INTRODUCTION A comprehensive checklist of the literature on the macrofungi of Malaysia was compiled in 2008 by Lee et al. [1]. This checklist aids researchers in their search for relevant literature in the study of Malaysian macrofungi. From this checklist, it can be seen that research on Malaysian macrofungi began in the 1800s but the number of macrofungi recorded is still few. Up to date, more than 3000 species of fungi have been reported for Malaysia including 1473 basidiomycetes or macrofungi, 894 anamorphic fungi and 584 ascomycetes [2]. The number of fungi is expected to increase with further study and input from local mycologists. A book on Malaysian fungal diversity with information on fungi collected from Malaysia since the 19th century was published in 2007 [2]. Topics covered in the book include aspects of history, taxonomy, ecology, as well as applied mycology. In the chapter on boletes, Halling et al. [3] stated that the true number of bolete diversity in Malaysia is not known for certain but estimated that the number of species could reach 300. Up to now only 18 genera of the Boletaceae from the 31 genera recorded worldwide are known to occur in Malaysia. In the same volume, Hattori et al. [4] expected more than 300 species of polypores to occur in Malaysia with some of them being important plant pathogens in Malaysian forests. Another contributor, Tan et al. [5] reporting on members of the genus Marasmius, recognize approximately 50 species in Peninsular Malaysia of which one third are new to science. Sumaiyah et al. [6] who described the distribution of Lentinus species in Malaysia listed about 20 species with two species being new records and expect that many more species await discovery. It is therefore evident that much more research needs to be conducted on Malaysian fungal diversity as many families have yet to be studied and new discoveries continue to be made even in those groups that have been well studied, such as the polypores, boletes and Lentinus. Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor are among some of the well-known holiday islands surrounded by pristine blue seawater off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia in the South China Sea. Apart from being tourist destinations, these two islands which are located in two separate marine parks are also important sites for turtle conservation. The vegetation on the two islands appears to be different. Dipterocarp forest is dominant on Pulau Redang, while secondary forest is more dominant on Pulau Aur with Dipterocarp forest located only in the hilly centre of the island. Surveys of the macrofungi of both islands were conducted during two expeditions organized by the MATERIALS AND METHODS The macrofungi surveys were conducted in conjunction with the University of Malaya expeditions to Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor in May and August 2008, respectively. Collections of macrofungi were made around the Coral Redang chalets, the Berjaya Spa track, and Laguna track in Pulau Redang from 11 to 13 May 2008 and Kampung Berhala and Pantai Pasir Teluran in Pulau Aur (Fig. 1) from 18 to 21 August 2008. Macrofungi were collected from decaying plant materials and soil from both islands. Samples were photographed in the field, kept in wax paper bags and brought back to the chalet area for description Figure 1. Map of Peninsular Malaysia showing the collection sites – Pulau Redang, Terengganu (top right) and Pulau Aur, Johor (bottom right). of macroscopic characters. Spore prints were also made from the fresh specimens. The specimens were then dried at 45 ˚C in a ventilated portable dryer overnight. Dried specimens were packed and transported back to the Mycology and Pathology Laboratory at FRIM, Kepong for further microscopic analysis such as measurement of spore size, shape and ornamentation, basidia and cystidia for identification of the specimens. The specimens are stored in the Mycology Herbarium (FRIM), Kepong. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 74 specimens from 19 families were collected and documented from Pulau Redang, whereas 55 collections from 14 families were recorded from Pulau Aur (Table 1). From Pulau Redang, the collections consisted of 28 Polyporaceae, 7 Fomitopsidaceae, 3 Ganodermataceae, 2 each for Agaricaceae, Sclerodermataceae, Boletaceae, Cortinariaceae, Physalacriaceae and Inocybaceae, and 1 each for Coniophoraceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Entolomataceae, Gomphaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Marasmiaceae, Meripilaceae, Meruliaceae, Sarcosomataceae, and Stereaceae with 14 specimens remaining to be determined. Thirty-eight collections were identified to species level, while 22 specimens were identified to genus level. From Pulau Aur, the 55 collections included 13 Polyporaceae, 8 Agaricaceae, 6 Xylariaceae, 2 Marasmiaceae and Physalacriaceae, and 1 each for Auriculariaceae, Entolomataceae, Hericiaceae, Lyophyllaceae, Meruliaceae, Thelephoraceae, Schizophyllaceae, Sclerodermataceae and Sarcoscyphaceae, with 15 specimens not yet assigned to any family or genus. Of these collections, 13 were identified to species level and 27 identified to genus. Many collections have yet to be identified as there are few suitable keys and monographs for the identification of tropical fungi. During the surveys, immature and old or rotting specimens were not collected as these would not be suitable and/or inadequate for identification purposes. The fungi collected here do not represent the actual number of fungal species on the islands as regular collections need to be made over a period of at least 10 years to obtain a more accurate representation of the macromycota. Here we do not attempt to compare the macromycota from these two islands as it is misleading to do so based on just one S121 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 University of Malaya in 2008. The main objectives of the expeditions were to study the biogeography of flora and fauna in Malaysia and to update the checklist of species for Malaysia. Our surveys were conducted as part of a larger study of the biodiversity of macrofungi of Peninsular Malaysia under the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) project, “Survey, Inventory and Documentation of the Flora and Fauna Biological Diversity of Malaysia”. In this paper the results of a survey of the macrofungi of Pulau Redang and Pulau Aur are reported. This data will contribute to a better understanding of the macrofungal diversity of Malaysia as these are the first fungal collections made from these two islands. Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 S122 Table 1. Number of collections of macrofungi from Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor. Fungus ASCOMYCOTA Order Pezizales Family Sarcoscyphaceae Cookeina sulcipes (Berk.) Kuntze Family Sarcosomataceae Galiella sp. Order Xylariales Family Xylariaceae Xylaria spp. BASIDIOMYCOTA Order Agaricales Family Agaricaceae Agaricus sp. Coprinus sp. Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd. Lepiota sp. Leucocoprinus fragilissimus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat. Family Cortinariaceae Gymnopilus sp. Family Entolomataceae Entoloma sp. Clitopilus sp. Family Inocybaceae Inocybe sp. Family Lyophyllaceae Termitomyces sp. Family Marasmiaceae Anthracophyllum sp. Marasmiellus sp. Marasmius sp. Family Schizophyllaceae Schizophyllum commune Fr. Family Physalacriaceae Mucidula sp. Order Auriculariales Family Auriculariaceae Auricularia sp. Order Boletales Family Boletaceae Austroboletus longipes (Massee) Wolfe Tylopilus sp. Family Coniophoraceae Gyrodontium versicolor (Berk. & Broome) Maas Geest. Family Sclerodermataceae Scleroderma sinnamariense Mont. Scleroderma sp. Order Dacrymycetales Family Dacrymycetaceae Dacrymyces sp. Pulau Redang Pulau Aur Substrate - 1 on rotted wood 1 - on soil - 6 on soil and rotted wood 1 1 2 5 1 - on soil on soil on rotted wood on soil on soil 2 - on decayed trunk 1 - 1 on soil on soil 2 - on soil - 1 on soil 1 - 1 1 on decayed branch on twig on branch - 1 on decayed branch 2 2 on decayed trunk - 1 on decayed trunk 1 1 - on soil on soil 1 - on decayed trunk 1 1 1 on soil on soil 1 - on decayed trunk Total specimens 1 - on decayed branch 1 - on trunk 2 1 1 3 - on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk 1 2 - on decayed trunk on soil 1 - on decayed trunk 1 1 - on branch on root 5 3 1 2 0 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 1 1 - on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed trunk on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed branch on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed wood on decayed wood on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk on decayed trunk - 1 on decayed trunk 1 - on decayed branch 10 4 1 12 3 74 55 on soil on decaying plant materials on soil S123 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 Order Gomphales Family Gomphaceae Gloeocantharellus sp. Order Hymenochaetales Family Hymenochaetaceae Phellinus sp. Order Polyporales Family Fomitopsidaceae Fomitopsis feei (Fr.) Kreisel Daedalea sp. Daedalea pseudodochmia (Corner) T. Hatt. Fomitopsis dochmia (Berk. & Broome) Ryvarden Family Ganodermataceae Ganoderma lucidum complex Amauroderma rugosum (Blume & T. Nees) Torrend Family Meripilaceae Rigidoporus sp. Family Meruliaceae Cymatoderma sp. Climacodon sp. Family Polyporaceae Coriolopsis badia (Berk.) Murrill Coriolopsis sp. Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Hexagonia cf. tenuis Lentinus connatus Berk in Hook Lentinus polychrous Lev. Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.)Fr Lentinus sp. Microporus vernicipes (Berk.) Kuntze Microporus xanthopus (Fr.) Kuntze Nigroporus vinosus (Berk.) Murrill Perenniporia sp. Polyporus sp. Polyporus cf. tenuis Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.) Murrill Trametes modesta (Kunze ex Fr.) Ryvarden Trametes cf. modesta Trametes elegans (Spreng.) Fr. Trametes lactinea (Berk.) Sacc. Trametes menziesii (Berk.) Ryvarden Trichaptum cf. sprucei Order Russulales Family Hericiaceae Hericium cf. ramosum Family Stereaceae Stereum sp. Order Theleporales Family Thelephoraceae Thelephora sp. Unknown specimens Unknown specimens Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 S124 visit. Moreover the two islands were visited during different months and seasons of the year. Wood inhabiting species of the order Polyporales were dominant on both islands. More than 76% of the collections from these islands were made from decaying plant materials (branches, trunks, roots, twigs, fruits). The fruiting bodies of polypore fungi are mostly tough and woody to flexible. It has been suggested that the polypores are species-rich in Malaysia [4]. Among the collections from Pulau Redang, members of the Polyporaceae were the most numerous (Table 1). A similar trend was obtained at Pulau Aur. Pycnoporus sanguineus and Earliella scabrosa which are common species in tropical countries [7,8] were also found in this study; the former on both islands while the latter on Pulau Aur only. Members of the family Fomitopsidaceae made up the second largest collection with seven specimens collected from Pulau Redang. Less than three collections from other families of the Polyporales, e.g. Ganodermataceae, Meruliaceae, Meripilaceae were obtained from both islands. Approximately 24% of the macrofungi collections from Pulau Redang were found growing on soil and this was also quite similar for Pulau Aur with about 22%. Most of the agarics in the present study were found growing from the soil but a few were also found on rotten wood. Members of putative ectomycorrhizal genera such as Gloeocantharellus, Inocybe, Tylopilus and Scleroderma were also found on Pulau Redang. These fungi were found growing in the dipterocarp forest in close proximity with timber trees. Since ectomycorrhizal fungi occur in this forest we can also expect other common putative ectomycorrhizal fungi such as Amanita spp., Lactarius spp., and Russula spp. to be present. However, they were not found on this visit probably due to differences in fruiting season. A total of eight families from the order Agaricales were found from Pulau Redang and Pulau Aur. These fungi are generally fleshy and/or delicate, and have gills on the underside of the cap. Leucocoprinus fragilissimus from Pulau Redang is a very delicate fungus and deteriorates very quickly once collected. Thus, this fungus needs to be handled carefully and described immediately after collecting. Members of the family Agaricaceae were the second largest collections made from Pulau Aur. Eight specimens from three genera were obtained from Pulau Aur, namely, Agaricus, Coprinus and Cyathus, while only two genera were found from Pulau Redang, namely, Lepiota and Leucocoprinus. The identification of these specimens is still on-going. Pycnoporus sanguineus, Mucidula sp., Agaricus sp., Lentinus connatus, Hexagonia cf. tenuis, Polyporus sp. and Scleroderma sp. were found on both islands. Many macrofungi collected on both islands were single specimens and most of them were found at only one location. Seven collections of the Ascomycota from the Xylariales were obtained from Pulau Aur but only one from Pulau Redang. On Pulau Aur three specimens of Xylaria sp. were found growing from the soil and another three were attached to decaying wood. The Xylaria specimens could not be identified to species level as they were immature. The other species of ascomycete collected from Pulau Aur was Cookeina sulcipes which was found growing on rotted wood. The only ascomycete collected from Pulau Redang, namely, Galiella sp. was found growing on a decayed branch. This species could be a new species for Malaysia as the fruiting body colour and microscopic features such as spore size, shape and ornamentation did not match the species described in keys for species from Japan, China and Indonesia (Java)[9]. Several factors may affect the number of collections of macrofungi encountered at different locations, for example, the frequency of sampling, sampling time and number of sampling sites could account for differences in the abundance, occurrence and higher number of fungi at certain locations [8, 10]. In the present study, it is premature to make any prediction or conclusion about the macrofungal diversity on the two islands since they were visited only once and at different times of the year. The best time to collect mushrooms in the tropical forest is at the beginning of the wet season after a prolonged dry spell [11-13]. However, since we did not have access to climatic data, in particular rainfall data before the expeditions, we did not know whether we conducted the macrofungal survey at the best time for fungal fructification. Often small mushrooms are overlooked and it is difficult to collect macrofungi in the best condition due to their ephemeral nature [14]. Further sampling should be carried out on a regular basis and at different times of the year at the same location for at least 5 to 10 years to get a clear picture of the diversity of macrofungi at that location. In summary, as far as we are aware, this is the first time macrofungi were collected from Pulau 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Acknowledgements – We would like to thank the University of Malaya for organizing the trip to Pulau Redang, Terengganu and Pulau Aur, Johor, and our thanks also go to Dr. Yusoff Musa, Ruslee Halip, Siti Sarah Sharuddin, Mohd Fakharuddin Baharuddin and Jamaluddin Osman for their help in the field. REFERENCES Lee S.S., Horak E., Alias S.A., Thi B.K., Nazura Z., Jones E.B.G. and Nawawi A. (2008) Checklist of literature on Malaysian macrofungi. Online literature at: http://www.frim.gov.my/chm/Publications2.html. Jones E.B.G. (2007) Introduction to Malaysian fungal diversity. In Jones E.B.G., Hyde K.D. and Vikineswary S. (eds) Malaysian Fungal Diversity pp. 1-24. Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Kuala Lumpur. Halling R.E., Chan H.T. and Lee S.S. (2007) Basidiomycota: Boletaceae. In Jones E.B.G., Hyde K.D. and Vikineswary S. (eds) Malaysian Fungal Diversity pp. 41-53. Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Kuala Lumpur. Hattori T., Noraswati M.N.R. and Salmiah U. (2007) Basidiomycota: Diversity of Malaysian polypores. In Jones E.B.G., Hyde K.D. and Vikineswary S. (eds) Malaysian Fungal Diversity pp. 55-68. Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Kuala Lumpur. Tan Y.S., Dejardin D.E., Vikineswary S. and Noorlidah A. (2007) Basidiomycota: The genus Marasmius in Peninsular Malaysia. In Jones E.B.G., Hyde K.D. and Vikineswary S. (eds) Malaysian Fungal Diversity pp. 69-81. Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Kuala Lumpur. Sumaiyah A., Noorlidah A., Vikineswary S. and Grand E. (2007) Basidiomycota: Distribution and new records of Lentinus. In Jones E.B.G., Hyde K.D. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. and Vikineswary S. (eds) Malaysian Fungal Diversity pp. 83-89. Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Kuala Lumpur. Ryvarden L. and Johansen I. (1980) A Preliminary Polypore Flora of East Africa. Fungiflora, Oslo. Salmiah U. and Jones E.B.G. (2001) Occurrence of wood inhabiting fungi in forest of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 13: 237-245. Bi Z.S., Zheng G.Y., Li T.H. and Wang Y.Z. (1993) The macrofungus flora of China's Guangdong Province, Hong Kong. The Chinese University Press, Hong Kong. Noorlidah A., Vikineswary S., Yusoff M. and Desjardin D.E. (2005) Higher fungi of northeast Langkawi. Malaysian Journal of Science 24: 95-102. Corner E.J.H. (1935) The seasonal fruiting of agarics in Malaya. Gardens’ Bulletin, Straits Settlements 9: 79-88. Corner E.J.H. (1988) Higher fungi. In GathorneHardy G. Earl of Cranbrook (ed.) Key Environments: Malaysia pp. 88-101. IUCN, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK. Lee S.S., Watling R. and Noraini Sikin Y. (2002) Ectomycorrhizal basidiomata fruiting in lowland rain forests of Peninsular Malaysia. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 274: 34-43. Lee S.S. and Chang Y.S. (2003) Macrofungal diversity: the poor state of knowledge in Malaysia. In Shimura J. (ed.) Global Taxonomy Initiative in Asia No. 175: 212-216. Research Report from the National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan. S125 Journal of Science and Technology in the Tropics (2010) 6: S120-S125 Redang and Pulau Aur and we now have some idea of the macrofungi diversity on these islands. However, the list of fungi reported here does not represent the overall macrofungal diversity of the two islands as one collection is insufficient to give a clear picture of the mycota of the islands. We believe that many more macrofungi remain to be discovered on these two islands.