The elephant is the largest terrestrial mammal with distinctive long trunk found in Asia and Africa. Elephas maximus, commonly known as Asian Elephant has a smaller body compared to the African elephant and can be distinguished by its smaller ears, more rounded back and the presence of two dome-like structures on the top of the head.

Frequently, the elephant takes dust bath for protection from diseases and parasites, and then sprayed water and covered their body with mud to keep them cool. The flapping of the ears also serves as a thermoregulatory function in hot weather.

Asian elephants nowadays are facing habitat loss and fragmentation. Expanding of human population and logging activities would also shrink the habitat of elephant and consequently contribute to an increase in human-elephant conflict (Francis, 2008).

Through an inventory and monitoring program done by Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN) from the year 2000 to 2012 and collaboration with Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Malaysia on dung-count surveys, it is estimated that the population of the Asian elephant is at 1,220 – 1,680 individuals in the Peninsular Malaysia.