Native Plants
Adenia macrophylla
Akar Lempedu Gajah
LC
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Least Concern
Malaysia Plant Red List
Peninsular Malaysia
ver 3.1, 2021
EN
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Endangered
Malaysia Plant Red List
Peninsular Malaysia
ver 3.1, 2021
LC
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Least Concern
Peninsular Malaysia Plant Red List *
2018
EN
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Endangered
Peninsular Malaysia Plant Red List *
2018
Taxonomy
-
Kingdom
-
Division
-
Class
-
Order
-
Family
-
Genus
-
Specific Epithetmacrophylla Koord.
-
Infraspecific
- var. macrophylla
- var. parvifolia
- var. penangiana
- var. singaporeana
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Synonym
- Adenia borneensis Hallier f.
- Adenia clementis Merr.
- Adenia grandifolia Ridl.
- Adenia longipedunculata Merr.
- Adenia quintuplinervia Hallier f.
- Microblepharis macrophylla M.Roem.
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Vernacular Name
- Akar Lempedu Gajah (Malay)
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ResidentialNative
The taxonomic status is pending for approval
Description
Adenia macrophylla or locally known as akar lempedu gajah, is a slender woody vine, climbing with tendrils borne from flower-bearing branches and can reach up to 25 cm height with support. It is hardly exceeds 2 cm in DBH (Izzauddin et al., 2019). This liana species has leathery leaves with glossy dark green above and paler green below. It can easily be recognized by the presence of two eye marks at the base of the leaf. The flowers of both sexes are yellowish green while the fruits are 5 cm long with glossy bright red spindle-shaped. The ripe fruits will split from apex and reveal their seeds. Seeds are blackish when mature, round with pitted testa, enclosed in white fleshy aril. A. macrophylla is suitable to plant as ornamental plants. It is widely distributed in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java and Borneo (Royal Belum-Temengor Rainforest: The Hidden Treasure of Perak, 2019).
Habitats
| No | Description | Suitability | Seasonality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Forest → Lowland Dipterocarp Forest (Malayan, Burmese)
|
Unknown | Unknown |
| 2 |
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Artificial - Terrestrial → Ex-mining land
e.g. Tin
|
Unknown | Unknown |
References : http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
Assessment
| Year Published | Assessment | Red List Category | Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Endangered (EN)
Peninsular Malaysia
|
3.1 |
| 2021 | Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Least Concern (LC)
Peninsular Malaysia
|
3.1 |
| 2018 | Peninsular Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Endangered (EN)
|
N/A |
| 2018 | Peninsular Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Least Concern (LC)
|
N/A |
| 2010 | Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. singaporeana
Not Evaluated (NE)
|
N/A |
| 2010 | Malaysia Plant Red List |
Adenia macrophylla var. macrophylla
Not Evaluated (NE)
|
N/A |
Location
by State Location
- Johore 2
- Kedah 1
- Malacca 2
- Penang 1
- Perak 2
- Selangor 1
- Terengganu 2
Based on publications, specimens, and images
Specimen
| Collection Center | Dried | Live | Slide | Wet | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Biodiversity Experts
| Profile | |
|---|---|
|
Ahmad Aldrie Amir (Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution, Forest, History, Law and Policy, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas & Science
|
|
Alona Cuevas Linatoc (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Anisah Lee Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
|
Coral Reefs, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Geoinformatics, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas, Science, Technology & Water
|
|
Asyraf Mansor (Dr.)
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
|
Palms, Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution & Forest
|
|
Avelinah Julius (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Chan Yoke Mui (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Palms (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology),
Conservation, Biodiversity, Forest & Genetics
|
|
Cheah Yih Horng (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Moss, Vascular,
Biodiversity & Systematics
|
|
Chew Ming Yee (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Chong Ju Lian (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Mammals (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology),
Invasive Alien Species, Protected Areas, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Marine & Coastal & Climate Change
|
|
E. Soepadmo (Prof.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Vascular,
|
|
|
John Baptist Sugau (Mr.)
Department of Forestry Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Kartini Binti Saibeh (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)
|
Vascular,
Agriculture, Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Lau Kah Hoo (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular, Ginger,
Conservation
|
|
Lillian Chua Swee Lian (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Conservation
|
|
Lim Chung Lu (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Mahani Bt. Mansor Clyde (Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Mohamad Azani Alias (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular, Vascular, Amphibians, Amphibians,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Climate Change, Protected Areas & Forest
|
|
Mohd Fahmi Abu Bakar (Ts. Dr.)
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
|
Vascular,
Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Evolution, Genetics, Molecular & Systematics
|
|
Mohd Nazre Salleh @ Japri (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity
|
|
Mohd Norfaizal Ghazalli (Dr.)
Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI)
|
Vascular, Pitcher plants,
Agriculture, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Science, Systematics & Taxonomy
|
|
Nadiah Idris (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Nazahatul Anis Amaludin (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Nor Ezzawanis Abdullah Thani (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
|
|
Norzielawati Bt. Salleh (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Forest & Molecular
|
|
Nur Kyariatul Syafinie Abdul Majid (Ms.)
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Forest & Protected Areas
|
|
Nur Supardi Md Noor (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Palms, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Forest & Management
|
|
Ong Poh Teck (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Orchids,
|
|
Rafidah Abdul Rahman (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Richard Chung Cheng Kong (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Rusea Go (Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Orchids (Taxonomy), Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Conservation, Environment, Forest, Management, Protected Areas, Climate Change & Invasive Alien Species
|
|
Sam Yen Yen (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Ginger,
|
|
Saw Leng Guan (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Shamsul Khamis (Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Taxonomy
|
|
Siti Aishah Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Siti Munirah Mat Yunoh (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Marine & Coastal
|
|
Suhaida Mustafa (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Conservation
|
|
Syahida Emiza Suhaimi (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Syazwani Bt. Azeman (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Forest & Science
|
|
Tam Sheh May (Dr.)
Taylor's University
|
Orchids, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Data Analysis, Evolution, Genetics & Molecular
|
|
Tan Swee Lian (Dr.)
Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Agriculture & Biodiversity
|
|
Ummul Nazrah Abdul Rahman (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Wendy Yong Sze Yee (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Conservation & Biodiversity
|
|
Yao Tze Leong (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity & Ecosystems
|
|
Yong Kien Thai (Dr.)
University of Malaya (UM)
|
Moss, Vascular (Taxonomy), Ferns (Taxonomy),
Protected Areas, Biodiversity, Conservation, Evolution & Taxonomy
|
PM - Peninsular Malaysia; SBH - Sabah; SWK - Sarawak; SEA - Southeast Asia; W - World;
References
Book
- Kiew, R., Chung, R.C.K., Saw, L.G. & Soepadmo, E. (2018). Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Series II: Seed Plants, Volume 7. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin, N. H., Suhaila, A.H. & Zarul, H.H. (2019). Royal Belum-Temengor Rainforest : The Hidden Treasure of Perak. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia and Kementerian Air, Tanah dan Sumber Asli. pp. 300.
- Yong, W.S.Y., Chua, L.S.L., Lau, K.H., Siti-Nur Fatinah, K., Cheah, Y.H., Yao, T.L., Rafidah, A.R., Lim, C.L., Syahida-Emiza, S., Ummul Nazrah, A.R., Nor-Ezzawanis, A.T., Chew, M.Y., Siti Munirah, M.Y., Julius, A., Phoon, S.N., Sam, Y.Y., Nadiah, I., Ong, P.T., Sarah Nabila, R., Suhaida, M., Muhammad-Alif Azyraf, A., Siti Eryani, S., Yap, J.W., Jutta, M., Azeman, S., Salleh, N., Kiew, R. & Chung, R.C.K. (2021). Malaysia Red List: Plants of Peninsular Malaysia, Volume 1, Issue/No. 2. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 316, 753.
Acknowledgements :- Mr. Abdul Razak Mohd Nor Rasid, Ms. Ajla Rafidah Baharom, Mrs. Aziemah Binti Kinan, Ms. Norazah Binti Norddin, Ms. Nur Farahin Binti Mustafa, Mrs. Nur Hazwanie Binti Abd Halim, Mrs. Nuramirah Binti Mat Zain, Ms. Nurfadzilah Bt Azmi, Ms. Nurfarhana Hizan Binti Hijas & Mr. Yasser Mohamed Arifin
Photo credit :- USM
Species Citation :- Adenia macrophylla. Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (MyBIS). Accessed via https://www.mybis.gov.my/sp/22980. [Retrieved 27 March 2023].
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