Native Plants
Hevea brasiliensis
Kayu Getah
LC
Least Concern
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
ver 3.1, 2020
NE
Not Evaluated
Malaysia Plant Red List
2010
Taxonomy
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Kingdom
-
Division
-
Class
-
Order
-
Family
-
Genus
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Specific Epithetbrasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg.
-
Synonym
- Hevea camargoana Pires
- Hevea granthamii Bartlett
- Hevea janeirensis Müll.Arg.
- Hevea randiana Huber
- Hevea sieberi Warb.
- Siphonia brasiliensis Willd. ex A.Juss.
- Siphonia janeirensis (Müll.Arg.) O.F.Cook
- Siphonia ridleyana O.F.Cook
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Vernacular Name
- Getah (Malay)
- Getah Para (Malay)
- Kayu Getah (Malay)
- Malaysian Oak (Malay)
- Para Rubber (English)
- Pokok Getah (Malay)
- Rubber Tree (English)
- Rubberwood (Sabah)
-
ResidentialNative
The taxonomic status is pending for approval
Description
So far we know little about the species, apart from its appearance.
Habits
| No | Part | Habit | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
|
Poisonous — Causing or capable of causing death or illness if taken into the body.
|
Assessment
| Year Published | Assessment | Red List Category | Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Least Concern (LC)
|
3.1 |
| 2010 | Malaysia Plant Red List |
Not Evaluated (NE)
|
N/A |
Location
by State Location
- Pahang 1
- Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur 1
by Protected Areas Location
- Wildlife Sanctuary/Reserve 1
Based on publications, specimens, and images
Specimen
| Collection Center | Dried | Live | Slide | Wet | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 |
Biodiversity Experts
| Profile | |
|---|---|
|
Ahmad Aldrie Amir (Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution, Forest, History, Law and Policy, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas & Science
|
|
Alona Cuevas Linatoc (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Anisah Lee Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
|
Coral Reefs, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Geoinformatics, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas, Science, Technology & Water
|
|
Asyraf Mansor (Dr.)
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)
|
Palms, Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution & Forest
|
|
Avelinah Julius (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Chan Yoke Mui (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Palms (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology),
Conservation, Biodiversity, Forest & Genetics
|
|
Cheah Yih Horng (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Moss, Vascular,
Biodiversity & Systematics
|
|
Chew Ming Yee (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Chong Ju Lian (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Mammals (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology),
Invasive Alien Species, Protected Areas, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Marine & Coastal & Climate Change
|
|
E. Soepadmo (Prof.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Vascular,
|
|
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John Baptist Sugau (Mr.)
Department of Forestry Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Kartini Binti Saibeh (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)
|
Vascular,
Agriculture, Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Lau Kah Hoo (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular, Ginger,
Conservation
|
|
Lillian Chua Swee Lian (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Conservation
|
|
Lim Chung Lu (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Mahani Bt. Mansor Clyde (Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Mohamad Azani Alias (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular, Vascular, Amphibians, Amphibians,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Climate Change, Protected Areas & Forest
|
|
Mohd Fahmi Abu Bakar (Ts. Dr.)
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
|
Vascular,
Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Evolution, Genetics, Molecular & Systematics
|
|
Mohd Nazre Salleh @ Japri (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity
|
|
Mohd Norfaizal Ghazalli (Dr.)
Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI)
|
Vascular, Pitcher plants,
Agriculture, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Science, Systematics & Taxonomy
|
|
Nadiah Idris (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
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Nazahatul Anis Amaludin (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Nor Ezzawanis Abdullah Thani (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
|
|
Norzielawati Bt. Salleh (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Forest & Molecular
|
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Nur Kyariatul Syafinie Abdul Majid (Ms.)
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Forest & Protected Areas
|
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Nur Supardi Md Noor (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Palms, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Forest & Management
|
|
Ong Poh Teck (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Orchids,
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|
Rafidah Abdul Rahman (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Richard Chung Cheng Kong (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
|
|
Rusea Go (Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
|
Orchids (Taxonomy), Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular (Ecology),
Biodiversity, Conservation, Environment, Forest, Management, Protected Areas, Climate Change & Invasive Alien Species
|
|
Sam Yen Yen (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy), Ginger,
|
|
Saw Leng Guan (Dr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Shamsul Khamis (Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Taxonomy
|
|
Siti Aishah Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Siti Munirah Mat Yunoh (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
Marine & Coastal
|
|
Suhaida Mustafa (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Conservation
|
|
Syahida Emiza Suhaimi (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
|
|
Syazwani Bt. Azeman (Mrs.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity, Forest & Science
|
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Tam Sheh May (Dr.)
Taylor's University
|
Orchids, Vascular,
Biodiversity, Data Analysis, Evolution, Genetics & Molecular
|
|
Tan Swee Lian (Dr.)
Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM)
|
Vascular (Ecology),
Agriculture & Biodiversity
|
|
Ummul Nazrah Abdul Rahman (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular (Taxonomy),
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|
Wendy Yong Sze Yee (Ms.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Conservation & Biodiversity
|
|
Yao Tze Leong (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Vascular,
Biodiversity & Ecosystems
|
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Yong Kien Thai (Dr.)
University of Malaya (UM)
|
Moss, Vascular (Taxonomy), Ferns (Taxonomy),
Protected Areas, Biodiversity, Conservation, Evolution & Taxonomy
|
PM - Peninsular Malaysia; SBH - Sabah; SWK - Sarawak; SEA - Southeast Asia; W - World;
References
Article
- Allen, D.J., Smith, K.G. & Darwall, W.R.T. (2012). The Status and Distribution of Freshwater Biodiversity in Indo-Burma. , 158 — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Chaowana, P. (2016). Acidity and Solubility of Rubberwood and Their Impacts on the Curing Behaviour of Ureaformaldehyde Resin. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 28 (1), 32-38
- Chen, H., Cao, M. & Tang, Y. (2013). Soil Seed Banks in Plantations and Tropical Seasonal Rainforests of Xishuangbanna, South-West China. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 25 (3), 375-386
- Gopakumar, B. & Motwani, B. (2013). Factors Restraining The Natural Regeneration of Reed Bamboo Ochlandra travancorica and O. wightii in Western Ghats, India. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 25 (2), 250-258
- Heryati, Y., Belawan, D., Arifin, A., Mahat, M.N., Abdul Hamid, H., Majid, N.M., Hassan, A. & Heriansyah, I. (2011). Growth Performance and Biomass Accumulation of Khaya ivorensis Plantation in three Soil Series of Ultisols. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences 6 (1), 33-44. http://thescipub.com/pdf/10.3844/ajabssp.2011.33.44
- Jantamas, S., Matan, N., Matan, N. & Aewsiri, T. (2016). Improvement of Antifungal Activity of Citronella Oil against Aspergillus flavus on Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) using Heat Curing. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 28 (1), 39-47
- Latiff, A., Faridah-Hanum, I., Zainudin Ibrahim, A., Goh, M.W.K., Loo, A.H.B. & Tan, H.T.W. (1999). On the Vegetation and Flora of Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplements (6), 11-72
- Milow, P., Malek, S. & Ramli, M.R. (2017). Medicinal Plants of the Indigenous Tribes in Peninsular Malaysia: Current and Future Perspectives. Active Ingredients from Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. . https://doi.org/10.5772/66658
- Mohd Nazip, S. (2013). Rubber and Rubberwood Development: Retrospective and Future Trends. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 25 (4), 443-446
- Salleh, N., Azeman, S., Kiew, R., Kamin, I. & Chung, R.C.K. (2017). Plant Checklist of the Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One Ecosystem. 2 (e13708), 41. http://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.2.e13708 — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Teoh, Y.P., Mashitah, M.D. & Ujang, S. (2015). Antifungal Activities of Selected Wood-Degrading Fungi of Rubberwood. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 27 (3), 325-333
- Theapparat, Y., Chandumpai, A., Leelasuphakul, W. & Laemsak, N. (2015). Pyroligneous Acids from Carbonisation of Wood and Bamboo: Their Components and Antifungal Activity. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 27 (4), 517-526
- Umar, I., Zaidon, A., Lee, S.H. & Halis, R. (2016). Oil-Heat Treatment of Rubberwood for Optimum Changes in Chemical Constituents and Decay Resistance. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 28 (1), 88-96
- Yingprasert, W., Matan, N., Chaowana, P. & Matan, N. (2015). Fungal Resistance and Physico-Mechanical Properties of Cinnamon Oil- and Clove Oil-Treated Rubberwood Particleboards. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 27 (1), 69-79
Book
- Wood Properties and Uses of Planted Hopea odorata in Peninsular Malaysia, 2020. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 100.
- Abdul Rahman, A.R., Yahaya, M., Mohd Nasir, A.H., Muhamad, A. & Latiff, A. (2012). Hutan Simpan Gunung Belumut, Johor: Pengurusan Hutan, Persekitaran Fizikal dan Kepelbagaian Biologi. Jabatan Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia, Malaysia. pp. 271.
- Chung, A.Y.C., Paul, V., Ibrahim, N. A., Japir, R., Pang, K.K.N. & Anuar, M. (2021). Pengenalan kepada Serangga-serangga Perosak Ladang Hutan di Sabah. Sabah Forestry Department, Malaysia. pp. 160.
- Latiff, A. (2010). Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve: Green Lung of Kuala Lumpur. Jabatan Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia, Malaysia. pp. 100.
- Mohtar, M., Nik Zanariah, N.M. & Norini, H. (2016). Herba Emas Negara. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 233.
- Phang, S.M., Affendi, Y.A., Ooi, J.L.S. & Haji, A.J.M. (2008). Natural History of The Pulau Tioman Group of Islands. Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, Malaysia. pp. 292.
- Praveena, B.K. & Maria Arlene, J.A.S. (2013). Compendium of Facts and Figures. 2nd Edition. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 161.
- Salam Abdullah, A. (1990). Poisonous plants of Malaysia. Tropical Press Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp. 68.
- Saw, L.G., Chua, L.S.L. & Nik, A.R. (2009). Malaysia: National Strategy for Plant Conservation. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 61. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Tan, A.L., Ummu, H.B., Madihah, M.N., Fadzureena, J. & Norbaiah, M.Y. (2020). Ulaman & Herba Masakan di FRIM. Amalan Tradisi & Khasiat Ubatan. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 290.
Chapter in book
- Milow, P., Malek, S. & Ramli, M.R. (March 2017). Medicinal Plants of the Indigenous Tribes in Peninsular Malaysia: Current and Future Perspectives. In El-Shemy, H. (Ed.), Active Ingredients from Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. InTechOpen. pp. 14.
Journal
- Sandakania, Issue 23, p. 80, 2022
Magazine/Bulletin
- Durability of Timbers for Indoor Applications in Malaysia. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Malaysia.
- Equivalent Timbers Of Southeast Asia. Timber Technology Bulletin (25), 2002. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Shrinkage Allowance of Some Malaysian Timbers. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Conservation Malaysia (17), 2013. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Platypus parallelus, A Common Ambrosia Beetle of Timbers (43), 12/1993. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Powder-Post Beetles - Minthea spp. (Lyctidae). Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Characteristics and Utilisation of Oil Palm Stem. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Tension Wood in Rubberwood. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Timber of Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell). Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Wood Properties of Selected Plantation Species: Khaya Ivorensis (African Mahogany), Azadirachta Excelsa (Sentang), Endospermum Malaccense (Sesendok) and Acacia Mangium. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Wood Properties Of Selected Plantation Species: Tectona Grandis (Teak), Neolamarckia Cadamba (Kelempayan/Laran), Octomeles Sumatrana (Binuang) and Paraserianthes Falcataria (Batai). Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Defoliators of Sesenduk, Endospermum diadenum (75), 2015. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
- Advantages of Wood Lamination for Modern Applications. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
Newsletter
- Ida Suraini, A.S. (2012, June). FRIM in FOCUS. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Retrived November 16, 2015, from https://www.mybis.gov.my/art/130
- Ida Suraini, A.S. (2009, September). FRIM in FOCUS. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Retrived November 18, 2015, from https://www.mybis.gov.my/art/138
- Ida Suraini, A.S. (2013, September). FRIM in FOCUS. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Retrived November 16, 2015, from https://www.mybis.gov.my/art/124
- Veronica, P. (2003, September). FRIM in FOCUS. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). Retrived November 25, 2015, from https://www.mybis.gov.my/art/157
Publications
Acknowledgements :- Mr. Ahmad Amir Firdaus Bin Mad Apandi, Ms. Aida Salihah Binti Abu Bakar, Mrs. Aziemah Binti Kinan, Ms. Fatin Qurratul 'ain Binti Saberam, Ms. Mira Farzana Binti Mohamad Mokhtar, Ms. Norazah Binti Norddin, Mrs. Nuramirah Binti Mat Zain, Ms. Nurfadzilah Bt Azmi, Ms. Nurfarhana Hizan Binti Hijas, Ms. Siti Zubaidah Binti Abdul Latif, Mr. Tan Kok Kiat & Mr. Yasser Mohamed Arifin
Photo credit :- Tan Kok Kiat
Species Citation :- Hevea brasiliensis. Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (MyBIS). Accessed via https://www.mybis.gov.my/sp/3062. [Retrieved 03 October 2023].
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