Native Plants

Hopea sangal

Merawan Siput

Native Plants

Hopea sangal

Merawan Siput

Taxonomy
Gallery
Habitat
Assessment
Specimen
Experts
References
Publications
Related

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Vulnerable

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

ver 3.1, 2017

Least Concern

Malaysia Plant Red List

Peninsular Malaysia ver 3.1, 2021

Near Threatened

Sarawak Plant Red List

ver 3.1, 2015

SSN 37365

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Taxonomy

Kingdom

Plantae
Division

Magnoliophyta
Class

Magnoliopsida
Order

Malvales
Family

Dipterocarpaceae
Genus

Hopea
Specific Epithet

sangal Korth.
Vernacular Name
1. Chengal Pasir (Kedah)
2. Damar Hitam Siput (Malay)
3. Damar Siput (Malay)
4. Gagil (Sarawak)
5. Gagil (Sabah)
6. Merawan (Malay)
7. Merawan Hitam (Selangor)
8. Merawan Siput (Malay)
9. Merawan Smut (Malay)
10. Mersiput (Malay)
Residential

Native

The taxonomic status is pending for approval

Gallery 2 records
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Trunk

Buttress

Description
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So far we know little about the species, apart from its appearance.

Habitats
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No	Description	Suitability	Seasonality
1	Forest → Hill Dipterocarp Forest	Unknown	Unknown
2	Forest → Lowland Dipterocarp Forest (Malayan, Burmese)	Unknown	Unknown
3	Forest → Seasonally Dry Tropical Rain Forest or Semi-evergreen Forest	Unknown	Unknown
4	Vegetation → Riparian Vegetation	Unknown	Unknown

References : http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3

Assessment
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Year Published	Assessment	Red List Category	Version
2021	Malaysia Plant Red List	Least Concern (LC) Peninsular Malaysia	3.1
2017	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species	Vulnerable (VU)	3.1
2015	Sarawak Plant Red List	Near Threatened (NT)	3.1
2010	Malaysia Plant Red List	Near Threatened (NT)	3.1
1998	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species	Critically Endangered (CR)	2.3

Specimen
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No	Collection Center		Dried	Live	Slide	Wet	Total
1	Koleksi Tumbuhan Taman Rimba Alam Putrajaya Putrajaya Corporation Federal Territories of Putrajaya		0	1	0	0	1
2	Wood Collection Forest Research Institute Malaysia Selangor		32	0	0	0	32

Biodiversity Experts
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No	Profile	PM	SBH	SWK	SEA	W	Specialty / Scope
1	Ahmad Aldrie Amir (Dr.) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Climate Change` `Conservation` `Ecosystems` `Environment` `Evolution` `Forest` `History` `Law and Policy` `Management` `Marine & Coastal` `Protected Areas` `Science` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA` `W`	•	•	•	•	•	Vascular, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution, Forest, History, Law and Policy, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas & Science
2	Alona Cuevas Linatoc (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `PM` `W`	•				•	Vascular, Biodiversity & Conservation
3	Anisah Lee Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) `Coral Reefs` `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Climate Change` `Conservation` `Ecosystems` `Environment` `Geoinformatics` `Management` `Marine & Coastal` `Protected Areas` `Science` `Technology` `Water` `PM` `SBH`	•	•				Coral Reefs, Vascular, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Geoinformatics, Management, Marine & Coastal, Protected Areas, Science, Technology & Water
4	Asyraf Mansor (Dr.) Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) `Palms` `Vascular (Ecology)` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `Ecosystems` `Environment` `Evolution` `Forest` `PM`	•					Palms, Vascular (Ecology), Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Evolution & Forest
5	Avelinah Julius (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `PM` `SBH`	•	•				Vascular (Taxonomy),
6	Chan Yoke Mui (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Palms (Ecology)` `Vascular (Ecology)` `Conservation` `Biodiversity` `Forest` `Genetics` `PM`	•					Palms (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology), Conservation, Biodiversity, Forest & Genetics
7	Cheah Yih Horng (Mr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Moss` `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Systematics` `PM`	•					Moss, Vascular, Biodiversity & Systematics
8	Chew Ming Yee (Ms.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular,
9	Chong Ju Lian (Dr.) Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) `Mammals (Ecology)` `Vascular (Ecology)` `Invasive Alien Species` `Protected Areas` `Digital Sequence Information (DSI)` `Marine & Coastal` `Climate Change` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA` `W`	•	•	•	•	•	Mammals (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology), Invasive Alien Species, Protected Areas, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Marine & Coastal & Climate Change
10	E. Soepadmo (Prof.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular,
11	Joanne Tan Pei Chih (Ms.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `PM`	•					Vascular,
12	John Baptist Sugau (Mr.) Department of Forestry Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `SBH` `SWK`		•	•			Vascular (Taxonomy),
13	Kartini Binti Saibeh (Dr.) Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) `Vascular` `Agriculture` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `SBH`		•				Vascular, Agriculture, Biodiversity & Conservation
14	Lau Kah Hoo (Mr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Ginger` `Conservation` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular, Ginger, Conservation
15	Lillian Chua Swee Lian (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Conservation` `PM`	•					Vascular, Conservation
16	Lim Chung Lu (Mr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy),
17	Mahani Bt. Mansor Clyde (Prof. Dr.) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular,
18	Mohamad Azani Alias (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Vascular` `Vascular` `Amphibians` `Amphibians` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `Climate Change` `Protected Areas` `Forest` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular, Vascular, Amphibians, Amphibians, Biodiversity, Conservation, Climate Change, Protected Areas & Forest
19	Mohd Fahmi Abu Bakar (Ts. Dr.) Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) `Vascular` `Digital Sequence Information (DSI)` `Evolution` `Genetics` `Molecular` `Systematics` `PM`	•					Vascular, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Evolution, Genetics, Molecular & Systematics
20	Mohd Nazre Salleh @ Japri (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular, Biodiversity
21	Mohd Norfaizal Ghazalli (Dr.) Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) `Vascular` `Pitcher plants` `Agriculture` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `Ecosystems` `Science` `Systematics` `Taxonomy` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular, Pitcher plants, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Science, Systematics & Taxonomy
22	Nadiah Idris (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `SBH` `SWK`		•	•			Vascular (Taxonomy),
23	Nazahatul Anis Amaludin (Dr.) Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) `Vascular (Ecology)` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `PM`	•					Vascular (Ecology), Biodiversity & Conservation
24	Nor Ezzawanis Abdullah Thani (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Digital Sequence Information (DSI)` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy), Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
25	Norzielawati Bt. Salleh (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Forest` `Molecular` `PM`	•					Vascular, Biodiversity, Forest & Molecular
26	Nur Kyariatul Syafinie Abdul Majid (Ms.) Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) `Vascular (Ecology)` `Biodiversity` `Climate Change` `Conservation` `Forest` `Protected Areas` `PM`	•					Vascular (Ecology), Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Forest & Protected Areas
27	Nur Supardi Md Noor (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Palms` `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Climate Change` `Conservation` `Ecosystems` `Environment` `Forest` `Management` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA` `W`	•	•	•	•	•	Palms, Vascular, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Forest & Management
28	Ong Poh Teck (Mr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Orchids` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy), Orchids,
29	Rafidah Abdul Rahman (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy),
30	Richard Chung Cheng Kong (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular (Taxonomy),
31	Rusea Go (Prof. Dr.) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) `Orchids (Taxonomy)` `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Vascular (Ecology)` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `Environment` `Forest` `Management` `Protected Areas` `Climate Change` `Invasive Alien Species` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Orchids (Taxonomy), Vascular (Taxonomy), Vascular (Ecology), Biodiversity, Conservation, Environment, Forest, Management, Protected Areas, Climate Change & Invasive Alien Species
32	Sam Yen Yen (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Ginger` `PM` `SWK`	•		•			Vascular (Taxonomy), Ginger,
33	Saw Leng Guan (Dr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular,
34	Shamsul Khamis (Dr.) Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Taxonomy`						Vascular (Taxonomy), Taxonomy
35	Siti Aishah Abdullah (Assoc. Prof. Dr.) Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Vascular,
36	Siti Munirah Mat Yunoh (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Marine & Coastal` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy), Marine & Coastal
37	Suhaida Mustafa (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Ecology)` `Conservation` `PM`	•					Vascular (Ecology), Conservation
38	Syahida Emiza Suhaimi (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular,
39	Syazwani Bt. Azeman (Mrs.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Forest` `Science` `PM`	•					Vascular, Biodiversity, Forest & Science
40	Tam Sheh May (Dr.) Taylor's University `Orchids` `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Data Analysis` `Evolution` `Genetics` `Molecular` `PM`	•					Orchids, Vascular, Biodiversity, Data Analysis, Evolution, Genetics & Molecular
41	Tan Swee Lian (Dr.) Academy of Sciences Malaysia (ASM) `Vascular (Ecology)` `Agriculture` `Biodiversity` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular (Ecology), Agriculture & Biodiversity
42	Ummul Nazrah Abdul Rahman (Ms.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `PM`	•					Vascular (Taxonomy),
43	Wendy Yong Sze Yee (Ms.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Conservation` `Biodiversity` `PM`	•					Vascular, Conservation & Biodiversity
44	Yao Tze Leong (Mr.) Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) `Vascular` `Biodiversity` `Ecosystems` `PM` `SBH` `SWK`	•	•	•			Vascular, Biodiversity & Ecosystems
45	Yong Kien Thai (Dr.) University of Malaya (UM) `Moss` `Vascular (Taxonomy)` `Ferns (Taxonomy)` `Protected Areas` `Biodiversity` `Conservation` `Evolution` `Taxonomy` `PM` `SBH` `SWK` `SEA`	•	•	•	•		Moss, Vascular (Taxonomy), Ferns (Taxonomy), Protected Areas, Biodiversity, Conservation, Evolution & Taxonomy

PM - Peninsular Malaysia; SBH - Sabah; SWK - Sarawak; SEA - Southeast Asia; W - World;

References
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Article

Khairil, M., Wan Juliana, W.A, Nizam, M.S. & Faszly, R. (2011). Community structure and biomass of tree species at Chini Watershed Forest, Pekan, Pahang. Sains Malayana, 40(11): 1209-1221. , 1209-1221. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236005323_Community_structure_and_biomass_of_tree_species_at_Chini_Watershed_Forest_Pekan_Pahang
Lim, C.L., Siti Munirah, M.Y. & Kiew, R. (2009). Botany of the Berembun Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 61 (2), 143-189. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chung_Lim4/publication/260079848_Botany_of_the_Berembun_Forest_Reserve_Negeri_Sembilan_Malaysia/links/5539afe80cf226723aba323a.pdf
Saw, L.G. & Sam, Y.Y. (1999). Conservation of Dipterocarpaceae in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 12(3): 593-615. . https://info.frim.gov.my/infocenter_applications/jtfsonline/jtfs/v12n3/593-615.pdf
Watling, R. & Lee, S.S. (1995). Ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with members of the Dipterocarpaceae in Peninsular Malaysia-I. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 7 (4), 657-669

Book

Red List of Dipterocarpaceae, 2022. Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Richmond, UK. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
Abdul Rahman, A.R., Mohd Nasir, A.H., Azmi, N., Nor Hasliza, M.B. & Latiff, A. (2014). Hutan Simpan Gunung Tebu, Terengganu: Pengurusan Hutan, Persekitaran Fizikal dan Kepelbagaian Biologi. Jabatan Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia, Malaysia. pp. 343.
Abdullah, M.T., Nur Amalina, A, Amirah Azizah, Z, Nur Izzah, I.A. & Roslan, A. (2019). Tasik Kenyir: Stunning Beauty And Its Biodiversity. Penerbit UMT.
Chua, L.S.L., Suhaida, M., Hamidah, M. & Saw, L.G. (2010). Malaysia Plant Red List: Peninsular Malaysian Dipterocarpaceae. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) & Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia, Malaysia. pp. 73, 146. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
Julaihi, L.C.J., Julia, S. & Vilma, B. (2016). Sarawak Plant Red List Dipterocarpaceae: Series II: Anisoptera, Cotylelobium, Hopea, Parashorea, Upuna & Vatica. Sarawak Forestry Corporation Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia. pp. 105.
Khoo, E., Tsen, S., Lee, Y.L., Sugau, J.B., Pereira, J.T., Nilus, R. & Maycock, C.R. (2022). The Sabah Plant Red list of Dipterocarpaceae. Sabah Forestry Department, Sandakan. pp. 223.
Lim, H.F. & Ismail, J. (1994). The Uses Of Non-Timber Forest Products In Pasoh Forest Reserve, Malaysia.. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 132.
Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. & MacKinven, A. (1998). The World List of Threatened Trees. World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK. pp. 1-628.
Soepadmo, E., Saw, L.G. & Chung, R.C.K. (2004). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak, Volume 5. Sabah Forestry Department, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Sarawak Forestry Department, Malaysia. pp. 528.
Yong, W.S.Y., Chua, L.S.L., Lau, K.H., Siti-Nur Fatinah, K., Cheah, Y.H., Yao, T.L., Rafidah, A.R., Lim, C.L., Syahida-Emiza, S., Ummul Nazrah, A.R., Nor-Ezzawanis, A.T., Chew, M.Y., Siti Munirah, M.Y., Julius, A., Phoon, S.N., Sam, Y.Y., Nadiah, I., Ong, P.T., Sarah Nabila, R., Suhaida, M., Muhammad-Alif Azyraf, A., Siti Eryani, S., Yap, J.W., Jutta, M., Azeman, S., Salleh, N., Kiew, R. & Chung, R.C.K. (2021). Malaysia Red List: Plants of Peninsular Malaysia, Volume 1, Issue/No. 1. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 107.
Yong, W.S.Y., Chua, L.S.L., Lau, K.H., Siti-Nur Fatinah, K., Cheah, Y.H., Yao, T.L., Rafidah, A.R., Lim, C.L., Syahida-Emiza, S., Ummul Nazrah, A.R., Nor-Ezzawanis, A.T., Chew, M.Y., Siti Munirah, M.Y., Julius, A., Phoon, S.N., Sam, Y.Y., Nadiah, I., Ong, P.T., Sarah Nabila, R., Suhaida, M., Muhammad-Alif Azyraf, A., Siti Eryani, S., Yap, J.W., Jutta, M., Azeman, S., Salleh, N., Kiew, R. & Chung, R.C.K. (2021). Malaysia Red List: Plants of Peninsular Malaysia, Volume 1, Issue/No. 2. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia. pp. 316, 753.

Dictionary

Wong, T.M., Lim, S.C. & Chung, R.C.K. (2002). A Dictionary of Malaysian Timbers . Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia

Journal

Malayan Nature Journal, Volume 73, Issue 3, p. 419, 2021

Magazine/Bulletin

Durability of Timbers for Indoor Applications in Malaysia. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Malaysia.
Equivalent Timbers Of Southeast Asia. Timber Technology Bulletin (25), 2002. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
Timber Notes - Medium Hardwoods (III) (Mata Ulat, Mempening, Mengkulang, Meransi, Merawan). Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.
Malaysian and Indonesian Timbers Equivalent Names. Timber Technology Bulletin: Compilation of Timber Technology Bulletins 1995-2015 (57), 2016. Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Malaysia.

Tool Kit

Suzana, S., Khoo, E., Pereira, J.T., Nilus, R., Sugau, J.B., Dg Ku Rozianah, M. & Damit, A. Suzana, S. Khoo, E. Pereira, J.T., Nilus, R. Sugau, J.B., Dg Ku Rozianah, M. & Damit, A. 2021. Dipterocarps of Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve, Sabah. Sabah Forestry Department. — [ Image (JPG/PNG) ]

Publications
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Malaysia Plant Red List: Peninsular Malaysian Dipterocarpaceae (2010)

Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak, Volume 5 (September 2004)

A Dictionary of Malaysian Timbers (2002)

Suzana, S. Khoo, E. Pereira, J.T., Nilus, R. Sugau, J.B., Dg Ku Rozianah, M. & Damit, A. 2021. Dipterocarps of Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve, Sabah. Sabah Forestry Department.

Related by Genus
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Acknowledgements :- Ms. Aida Salihah Binti Abu Bakar, Ms. Anissa Huda Binti Rosli, Mrs. Aziemah Binti Kinan, Mr. Badrul Amin Bin Jaffar, Mrs. Hakimah Binti Jaafar, Ms. Mira Farzana Binti Mohamad Mokhtar, Mr. Mohamad Amini Bin Nordin, Ms. Norazah Binti Norddin, Ms. Nur Farahin Binti Mustafa, Mrs. Nur Hazwanie Binti Abd Halim, Ms. Nurfadzilah Bt Azmi, Ms. Nurfarhana Hizan Binti Hijas, Ms. Nursyafiqa Madzlen, Ms. Nurul Aliya Imra Asyikin Binti Abd Murad, Mr. Tan Kok Kiat & Mr. Yasser Mohamed Arifin

Photo credit :- Yasser Arifin

Species Citation :- Hopea sangal. Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (MyBIS). Accessed via https://www.mybis.gov.my/sp/37365. [Retrieved 28 September 2023].

Feedback :- If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback.

Hopea sangal

Hopea sangal

Taxonomy

Gallery 2 records Back to top

Trunk

Buttress

Description Back to top

Habitats Back to top

Assessment Back to top

Specimen Back to top

Biodiversity Experts Back to top

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Gallery 2 records
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Description
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Habitats
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Assessment
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Specimen
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Biodiversity Experts
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References
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Publications
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Related by Genus
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