Native Animals
Dugong dugon
Dugong
VU
Vulnerable
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
ver 3.1, 2015
Taxonomy
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Kingdom
-
Phylum
-
Class
-
Order
-
Family
-
Genus
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Specific Epithetdugon (Müller, 1776)
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Common Name
- Dugong (English)
- Dugong (Malay)
- Sea Cow (English)
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ResidentialNative
The taxonomic status is pending for approval
Description
Dugong dugon, known as dugong or sea cow is the only herbivorous sea mammals. The dugong is the only species in the family Dugongidae and one of four living species of the order Sirenia. It is most closely related to the giant Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas), which was hunted to extinction around 1768 by Russian fur traders (Phillipps, 2014). Their diet consists mainly of seagrass. Dugongs can be found in warm coastal waters from East Africa to Australia, including the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Pacific. The major threats for dugongs are the hunting pressure, incidental capture, pollution, habitat loss and climate change. The decline of dugongs makes them to be assigned as Vulnerable under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Habits
| No | Part | Habit | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adult |
Herbivore — The eating of plants
|
Habitats
| No | Description | Suitability | Seasonality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Marine Intertidal → Mangrove Submerged Roots
|
Marginal | Unknown |
| 2 |
Marine Intertidal → Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, etc.
|
Marginal | Unknown |
| 3 |
Marine Neritic → Estuaries
|
Suitable | Unknown |
| 4 |
Marine Neritic → Seagrass (Submerged)
|
Suitable | Unknown |
| 5 |
Marine Neritic → Subtidal Muddy
|
Suitable | Unknown |
| 6 |
Marine Neritic → Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs
|
Marginal | Unknown |
| 7 |
Marine Neritic → Subtidal Sandy
|
Suitable | Unknown |
| 8 |
Marine Neritic → Subtidal Sandy-Mud
|
Suitable | Unknown |
References : http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
Assessment
| Year Published | Assessment | Red List Category | Version |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
3.1 |
| 2008 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 2006 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1996 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1994 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1990 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1988 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1986 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
| 1982 | IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |
Vulnerable (VU)
|
N/A |
Biodiversity Experts
| Profile | |
|---|---|
|
Amal Ghazali Nasron (Mr.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Mammals, Insects,
Biodiversity, Conservation & Forest
|
|
Amy Then Yee Hui (Dr.)
University of Malaya (UM)
|
Fishes (Ecology), Seahorses (Ecology), Mammals (Ecology),
Protected Areas & Marine & Coastal
|
|
Andrew Alek Tuen (Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
|
Mammals, Birds,
Protected Areas
|
|
Badrul Munir Md Zain (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Mammals (Taxonomy),
|
|
Chong Ju Lian (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Mammals (Ecology), Vascular (Ecology),
Invasive Alien Species, Protected Areas, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Marine & Coastal & Climate Change
|
|
David Magintan (Dr.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Mammals, Elephants,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Environment, Protected Areas, Biological Resource & Ecology
|
|
Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
|
Mammals, Bats,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Data Analysis, Evolution, Forest & Molecular
|
|
Farah Shafawati Mohd Taib (Dr.)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
|
Birds, Mammals, Rodents, Treeshrews, Squirrels,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Data Analysis, Ecosystems & Taxonomy
|
|
Jayaraj Vijaya Kumaran (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK)
|
Mammals,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Genetics & Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
|
|
Jeffrine Rovie Ryan Japning (Mr.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Monkeys, Fishes, Mammals,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Data Analysis, Evolution, Genetics, Molecular, Protected Areas, Science & Technology
|
|
Kayal Vizi Karuppannan (Mrs.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Elephants, Fishes, Mammals,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Evolution, Genetics, Molecular, Protected Areas & Digital Sequence Information (DSI)
|
|
Midhat Nabil Ahmad Salimi (Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
|
Mammals,
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Data Analysis, Ecosystems, Education, Environment, Genetics, History, Management, Medical, Molecular, Science, Technology, Water, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Living Modified Organism (LMO), Synthetic Biology, Protected Areas, Marine & Coastal & Invasive Alien Species
|
|
Mohammad Shahfiz Azman (Mr.)
Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)
|
Amphibians, Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, Reptiles,
Awareness, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Environment, Forest, Landscape, Law and Policy, Management, Protected Areas, Science, Systematics, Invasive Alien Species, Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries (LMMC), National Policy on Biological Diversity, Policy, Research and Development (R&D) & Zoonotic
|
|
Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah (Prof. Dato' Dr.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Mammals,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems, Evolution, Genetics & Protected Areas
|
|
Nasharuddin Bin Othman (Mr.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Mammals (Ecology),
Conservation, Management & Protected Areas
|
|
Rahimatsah Amat (Dr.)
Sabah Environmental Trust (SET)
|
Mammals (Ecology),
Environment, Management & Protected Areas
|
|
Rahmat Topani (Mr.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Mammals (Ecology),
Conservation, Protected Areas & Marine & Coastal
|
|
Rosli Hashim (Prof. Dr.)
University of Malaya (UM)
|
Birds (Ecology), Mammals (Ecology), Spiders, Insects,
Biodiversity & Protected Areas
|
|
Rosli Ramli (Assoc. Prof. Dr.)
University of Malaya (UM)
|
Mammals (Ecology), Birds,
Biodiversity, Digital Sequence Information (DSI), Protected Areas & Marine & Coastal
|
|
Saifullah A. Jaaman @ Sharman (Assoc. Prof.)
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)
|
Mammals,
Biodiversity, Conservation & Marine & Coastal
|
|
Tan Cheng Cheng (Ms.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Mammals (Ecology),
Protected Areas, Biodiversity & Conservation
|
|
Tan Poai Ean (Ms.)
Department of Wildlife and National Parks (PERHILITAN)
|
Bats, Mammals, Rodents,
Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystems & Management
|
PM - Peninsular Malaysia; SBH - Sabah; SWK - Sarawak; SEA - Southeast Asia; W - World;
References
Article
- Jaaman, S.A. & Mohamed, C.A.R. (2014). Marine Mammals in the Waters of East Coast Johor, Malaysia. ASM Science Journal 8 (2), 143-149
- Ponnampalam, L. S. (2012). Opportunistic Observations on The Distribution of Cetaceans in The Malaysian South China, Sulu and Sulawesi Seas and an Updated Checklist of Marine Mammals in Malaysia. 60 (1), 221-231
- Rajamani, L., Cabanban, A.S. & Rahman, R.A. (2006). Indigenous Use and Trade of Dugong (Dugong dugon) in Sabah, Malaysia. AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 35 (5), 266-268
Book
- ASEAN Biodiversity Outlook 2, 2017. ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity, Philippines. pp. 220. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Handbook on the Living Marine Resources of Malaysia Marine Park, 2011. Department of Marine Park Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Putrajaya, Malaysia. pp. 123.
- Island Life: A Natural History of Pulau Tengah, Johor, Malaysia, 2018. WS Lifestyle, Singapore. pp. 163.
- Malaysian Naturalist, Volume 74, Issue/No. 4, 2021. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp. 311.
- Pesona Perikanan Malaysia, 2016. Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia.
- The Nexus of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development in Southeast Asia, 2022. Academy of Sciences Malaysia.
- Kamarruddin, I., Mohamed, C.A.R., Kee Alfian, B.A.A., Fitra, A.Z., Lee, J.N. & Rozaimi, M.J. (2011). Malaysia's Marine Biodiversity: Inventory and Current Status. Department of Marine Park Malaysia and Marine Ecosystem Research Centre (EKOMAR), Malaysia. pp. 212.
- Norhayati, A. & Maimon, A. (2012). Sungai Santi Forest Reserve: Mangrove Splendour of South-East Johor. Penerbit UKM, Bangi, Malaysia. pp. 112.
- Payne, J. & Francis, C.M. (1985). A Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo. The Sabah Society, Malaysia. pp. 326.
- Phillipps, Q. & Phillipps, K. (2016). Phillipps’ Guide to the Mammals of Borneo and their Ecology: Sabah, Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. pp. 400.
- Saleem, M. (2007). Marine BioValley Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Universiti Malaysia Sabah. pp. 1-67.
Magazine/Bulletin
- Terumbu (2), 7/2011. Jabatan Taman Laut Malaysia — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
Report
- 2014 Annual Report of the Species Survival Commission and the Global Species Programme. International Union for Conservation of Nature. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Sixth National Report of Malaysia to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Ministry of Energy and Natural Resource, Malaysia. — [ Adobe PDF (PDF) ]
- Hines, E., Ponnampalam, L. S., Hisne, F. I. J., Whitty, T. S., Jackson-Ricketts, J., Kuit, S. H. & Acebes, J. (2015). Report of the Third Southeast Asian Marine Mammal Symposium (SEAMAM III). Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Germany.
Publications
Acknowledgements :- Ms. Aida Salihah Binti Abu Bakar, Ms. Amirah Hasanah Binti Mazlan, Mrs. Aziemah Binti Kinan, Ms. Noor Amira Aini Binti Noor Anwar, Ms. Nurfadzilah Bt Azmi, Mr. Tan Kok Kiat & Mr. Yasser Mohamed Arifin
Species Citation :- Dugong dugon. Malaysia Biodiversity Information System (MyBIS). Accessed via https://www.mybis.gov.my/sp/47531. [Retrieved 02 June 2023].
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