Duttaphrynus melanostictus is one of the common toads found in open areas along river banks. However, it is uncommon in closed forests. The native range of the this toad stretches from northern Pakistan through Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, southern China, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia to Malaysia, Singapore and parts of Indonesia. It is a nocturnal terrestrial species found from sea-level to 2000 m in temperate, tropical and sub-tropical habitats.

Duttaphrynus melanostictus has a distinct rostral head. The tympanum of this species has at least two-third the diameter of the eye. The throat of breeding male is light orange or yellow. It develops cornified pads on inner side of first and second fingers. Also, this species has a large and oval-shaped parotoid gland covered by dark black spots (Norhayati et al., 2005).

Adults are terrestrial and may be found under ground cover, for example, rocks, leaf-litter and logs, and are also associated with human habitations. The larvae are found in still and slow-moving water bodies (IUCN, 2016).

There are no major threats to this very adaptable species. Though there is international pet trade for this species, but it is not at a major threat level. Also, it is eaten locally in northern Thailand (IUCN, 2016).